Resources

The resources below are a selection of True Cost Accounting frameworks, guidance, and case studies. These tools and materials can be used to inform decisions that must balance tradeoffs and budgets while enhancing value to society and the environment.

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Valuing Nature and People to Inform Business Decision-Making

Capitals Coalition

An online course introducing business representatives to True Cost Accounting via the capitals approach, teaching how to integrate natural, social, and human capitals into decision-making.

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The True Cost Accounting AgriFood Handbook

TMG Think Tank for Sustainability and Soil and More

A methodology based on the four capitals approach of the TEEBAgriFood framework for plant-based products.

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TEEBAgriFood Operational Guidelines for Business

Capitals Coalition

Guidelines developed to support businesses in implementing the TEEBAgriFood Evaluation Framework, offering a practical way to understand and act upon their impact and dependency on natural, human, social, and produced capital.

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Applying the TEEBAgriFood Framework: Overarching Implementation Guidance

Global Alliance for the Future of Food

A guide to support applications of the TEEBAgriFood framework.

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The Current Field of True Cost Accounting: An analysis of the similarities and differences of True Cost Accounting initiatives

Impact Institute

Analysis of 35 frameworks, methodologies, and tools available for public and private-sector decision-makers to conduct food systems assessments. Commissioned by the TCA Accelerator.

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The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity for Agriculture and Food (TEEBAgriFood) Evaluation Framework

United Nations Environment Programme

Overview of TEEBAgriFood, the foundational approach for systematic food system evaluations.

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The State of Food and Agriculture 2023

The report finds that the environmental, health and social hidden costs of our agrifood systems are at least $10 trillion a year. This represents almost 10% of global GDP. The report urges governments and the private sector to use true cost accounting to transform agrifood systems and address climate change, poverty, inequality and hunger at the same time.

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Nature Food Special Issue: The True Cost of Food

Expert analysis and opinion on the field of TCA, including an overview of tools and methodologies, opinion on opportunities to mainstream TCA into the arenas of finance and policy, critiques of approaches to date, and insights into areas for further development such as assessment of food system impacts on labor and equity.

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True Cost Accounting for Food: Balancing the Scale

Editors: Barbara Gemmill-Herren, Lauren E. Baker, and Paula A. Daniels

True Cost Accounting for Food features research and case studies from around the world to demonstrate the value of TCA to address the pervasive imbalance in existing food systems. (open access)

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